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In 1937, woodcutter Rosa Mai ventured into the dense jungle of the Vaca Plateau in Caracol, Belize. His search for mahogany and chicle led to a significant archaeological discovery: carved stones and large mounds hidden beneath years of overgrowth.
It wasn't until about 50 years later that archaeologists Diane and Arlen Chase began major excavations at the site. Using hand tools, they unearthed structures revealing a royal palace and ceremonial center from the Late Classic period of the Maya civilization. The Chases named this impressive structure Caana, meaning "Sky Place" in Maya.
Their findings showed Caracol as a dominant political force in Maya history, challenging previous beliefs that it was merely a peaceful town. This work established Diane and Arlen Chase as leading experts on Caracol and the Maya civilization.
Arlen first met Diane Zaino at the University of Pennsylvania in 1971. Both pursued doctorates in anthropology with specialties in archaeology, married in 1975, and had three children. Diane eventually became senior vice president for academic affairs and provost at the University of Houston.
Since obtaining their excavation permit from Belize's Institute of Archaeology in 1985, they have not missed a season at Caracol. Their methods evolved from manual mapping to using LiDAR technology to create detailed maps of surfaces.
In 2025, their team discovered Te K’ab Chaak's burial tomb—the first identifiable ruler’s tomb found at Caracol in four decades. The tomb contained pottery vessels, jadeite jewelry, and other artifacts dating back to 331 AD.
Diane noted its significance: “We found the first person in the dynasty so that...in terms of the history of Caracol is huge.” Arlen added insights into Te K’ab Chaak’s leadership style based on artifacts found within his tomb.
The Chases' discoveries have reshaped understanding of Maya society—highlighting advanced urban planning and complex social structures—and debunked myths about Tikal's dominance during this era.
For over four decades, they have been lead researchers at Caracol with support from various institutions including UH where Arlen serves as professor of anthropology.
Reflecting on their work together Diane said: “He’s my best friend as well as my husband...We’re just a really good team.”
The Chases emphasize teamwork as essential for archaeological success noting contributions from collaborators like Belize Institute Of Archaeology along with financial supporters such as Alphawood Foundation Chicago among others who made these discoveries possible over many years dedicated research efforts exploring ancient city remains hidden beneath dense jungles today known worldwide thanks largely due diligence persistence shown by both individuals throughout careers spent uncovering secrets past civilizations left behind waiting patiently be revealed once again future generations come appreciate learn more about them too!