University of Houston study links Miami's coastal sinking to urban development

Researchers from the University of Houston have uncovered significant coastal subsidence challenges in Miami, with a focus on urban development as a primary cause. A study published in Earth and Space Science reveals that 35 skyscrapers, including Trump Tower III, have sunk up to eight centimeters since 2016.

The research team, led by Assistant Professor Pietro Milillo from the UH Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, used InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) technology to verify their findings. This satellite-based method detects ground movement with remarkable precision.

Milillo explained, “We attribute the sinking ground primarily to the weight and vibrations from high-rise construction.” He noted that "creep deformation" occurs when sandy layers within Miami's limestone geology compress under pressure. The study demonstrated that construction-induced stresses extend beyond building footprints, affecting areas up to 320 meters away.

The research was conducted in collaboration with several institutions including the University of Miami, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and others. Amin Tavakkoliestahbanati, a graduate student working with Milillo, supported the project.

Findings showed subsidence across buildings in Sunny Isles Beach, Bal Harbor, and Surfside. Newer structures were most affected. In some cases, subsidence began immediately after construction but decayed over time; in others, it persisted at a constant rate.

Milillo emphasized the importance of geospatial technology for urban risk assessments: “By confirming these patterns, we’re helping to develop tools for safer urban planning.” The study highlights challenges for urban development in coastal regions prone to subsidence and underscores the need for incorporating geological data into planning processes.

The research has prompted discussions about improving construction practices and monitoring building stability in coastal zones. Milillo added: “This work showcases the transformative power of geospatial science to uncover hidden risks beneath the surface.”